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| Cancer risks |
cancer
In a normal situation, the body can control the cell that represents the building unit in it, by ending the life of old and damaged cells and stimulating the formation of new cells when they are needed, but if the body loses its ability to do so, the cells that must be killed accumulate in the right position and refrain from forming the cells that the body needs This causes the formation of masses known as a tumor, and if this tumor has the ability to spread, it is known as cancer, and anyone can develop cancer at any stage of his life, but there are reasons that increase the risk of developing cancer, and this article will discuss them.Reasons that increase the risk of cancer
There are many reasons that increase the risk of cancer, and before talking about them, it is worth clarifying that science has not reached a sufficient reason and an adequate answer that explains why some people develop cancer and others do not. All of them, but these factors can be taken into account, [2] it has been found that there are many people who have factors and causes that increase the risk of developing cancer, yet they did not develop cancer throughout their lives, and on the other hand, there are people who do not have any of the factors The risk, however, was that they contracted cancer, and in any case, these reasons can be stated as follows:
Exposure to chemicals or toxic substances
Examples include benzene, nickel, cadmium, asbestos, and aflatoxin, as well as cigarette smoke. It has been shown that there are more than 66 toxic chemicals found in cigarettes and they are classified as toxic substances that cause great harm to human health, including that they are classified as causes that increase Cancer risks.
Exposure to ionizing radiation
Such as ultraviolet rays from the sun, uranium, alpha, beta and gamma rays, as well as X -rays known as X-rays are classified as causes that increase the risk of cancer.
pathogens
Such as human papillomavirus, a bacterium known as H. pylori, Merkel cell polyomavirus, and schistosomiasis.
genetic factors
Science has proven that some genes may play a role in the incidence of some types of cancer, especially ovarian cancer, breast cancer, skin cancer, as well as colorectal cancer.
Also, some other factors, such as family history, may increase this, as it has been found that some cancers, family history plays a role in their emergence, and age can also be a risk factor for cancer.
Cancer symptoms
After mentioning reasons that increase the risk of developing cancer, it is worth mentioning the symptoms that accompany this disease, and that the symptoms that usually appear when suffering from cancer are not limited to it, meaning that there are many health conditions, which may be very simple problems, that may cause similar symptoms For those caused by cancer, and these symptoms are the following:
- Persistent cough or saliva accompanied by blood: Everyone who suffers from a cough that lasts for more than a month or a cough accompanied by phlegm should see a doctor, as it may be evidence of cancer in the lungs , neck, or head, however, these symptoms can be a sign of infection sinusitis, or bronchitis.
- Change in the output: Cancer can cause persistent diarrhea in a few cases, and the output in cancer cases may be similar to the shape of pens or fine pins, however changes that occur in the output are often not related to cancer, but rather to the nature of food and drink that the person eats.
- Anemia: The incidence of anemia Dutt is no clear reason lies behind it may be due to cancer, and cancer cause different Noaa of anemia, but colon cancer often causes anemia caused by iron deficiency.
- The appearance of lumps in the breast: To be diagnosed with breast cancer, it is not enough to perform an x-ray in most cases, the subject may require an MRI or a biopsy of the breast, and other symptoms that may accompany breast cancer are the appearance of secretions from it.
Cancer treatment
There are many factors that must be taken into account to determine the appropriate treatment for cancer, and these factors include: the location of the cancer, its first appearance, the accompanying symptoms, the speed of its spread, in addition to its stage or degree. Including the lymph nodes to which the disease has spread, chemotherapy given intravenously or orally, radiotherapy, as well as targeted therapy, immunotherapy, and more.
types of cancer
Cancer is called the site of its appearance, for example, if the cancer appears in the lungs and then spreads to the liver, it is called cancer of the lungs, and so on, and in addition to this method of naming, there are other scientific clinical methods as follows:
- Carcinoma or carcinoma: a type of cancer that appears in the tissues lining the organs or in the skin.
- Sarcoma: It is a cancer that affects the connective tissue, such as those in the bones and muscles.
- Leukemia: A cancer that affects the bone marrow that produces blood cells.
- Lymphoma: A cancer that affects the immune system.
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